Introduction to Chinese Numerology
In Chinese culture, numbers are more than mere mathematical symbols; they carry profound cultural and superstitious significance. This numerological system, deeply rooted in linguistic and historical contexts, shapes many aspects of daily life in China. While some numbers are considered auspicious, others are believed to bring misfortune.
The Most Unlucky Number: Four (4)
The number 4 (四, sì) stands out as the most unlucky number in Chinese culture. Its notoriety stems from its pronunciation, which is strikingly similar to the word for “death” (死, sǐ). This phonetic resemblance has led to widespread avoidance of the number in various aspects of life.
Examples of 4 Avoidance:
- Many buildings lack a 4th floor, often replacing it with 3A or skipping to 5
- Phone numbers and license plates containing 4 are less desirable and may be cheaper
- Some hospitals and hotels avoid room numbers containing 4
Other Unlucky Numbers
While 4 takes the crown for misfortune, other numbers are also considered unlucky:
| Number | Reason for Unluckiness |
|---|---|
| 7 (七, qī) | Associated with the Ghost Month (7th lunar month) |
| 13 | Western influence has made it unpopular |
| Any number containing 4 | e.g., 14, 24, 40, 41 |
Unlucky Number Combinations
Certain number combinations amplify the perceived bad luck:
- 404: Not only contains two fours but also associated with “not found” errors online
- 444: Triple misfortune
- 14: Can sound like “will die” (要死, yào sǐ)
Regional variations exist. For instance, in Cantonese-speaking areas, 24 is particularly unlucky as it sounds like “easy to die.”
Impact on Daily Life and Business
The influence of unlucky numbers permeates various aspects of Chinese society:
- Architecture:
- Buildings often skip the 4th, 14th, 24th floors, etc.
- Some cities have banned number 4 in new building addresses
- Commerce:
- Products are rarely priced at ¥4 or ¥44
- Businesses may offer “5% off” instead of advertising items for ¥44
- Transportation:
- Some airlines skip row 4 in seat numbering
- Car license plates with 4 are often cheaper
Unlucky Numbers in Travel and Tourism
Travelers to China should be aware of how these superstitions might affect their journey:
- Hotels:
- Many hotels lack a 4th floor or rooms containing 4
- Tip: Request a room on an “lucky” floor (e.g., 6th or 8th) for a potentially better experience
- Flights:
- Some airlines avoid flight numbers containing 4
- Be aware that flight MH370’s disappearance reinforced superstitions about the number 4
- Travel Dates:
- The 4th day of the month might see fewer local travelers
- Lunar July 14th (Ghost Day) is considered particularly inauspicious for travel or important events
Tips for Travelers to China
- Awareness: Understand that number superstitions are taken seriously by many, though attitudes vary among individuals and regions.
- Respect: Even if you don’t share these beliefs, respecting them can enhance your interactions with locals.
- Flexibility: Be prepared for missing floor numbers in buildings or absent row numbers on transport.
- Gift-Giving: Avoid giving gifts in sets of four. Opt for lucky numbers like 6 or 8 instead.
- Bargaining: Use knowledge of lucky and unlucky numbers when negotiating prices in markets.
- Modern Perspective: Remember that while these superstitions exist, many Chinese people, especially younger generations, may not adhere strictly to them.
| Do | Don’t |
|---|---|
| Request “lucky” room numbers | Give gifts in sets of four |
| Be aware of number-related customs | Dismiss local beliefs, even if you don’t share them |
| Use lucky numbers when appropriate | Panic if you encounter the number 4 |
Understanding these numerical taboos adds a fascinating layer to your Chinese travel experience. While it’s important to be aware of these cultural nuances, remember that modern China balances tradition with pragmatism. By approaching the topic with curiosity and respect, you’ll navigate these numerical waters with ease, enhancing your journey through this diverse and complex culture.
